tinh sai
- Noun (Astronomy):
- Aberration: A phenomenon where the observed position of a celestial object differs from its true position, caused by the finite speed of light combined with the motion of the observer (e.g., Earth's orbital motion). This is most commonly referred to as stellar aberration or annual aberration.
- Noun:
- Các nhà thiên văn học phải tính toán tinh sai để xác định vị trí thực của các ngôi sao. (Astronomers must calculate aberration to determine the true positions of stars.)
- Tinh sai ánh sáng là một khái niệm quan trọng trong vật lý thiên văn. (Light aberration is an important concept in astrophysics.)
"tinh sai thường niên" (annual aberration): The component of stellar aberration resulting from Earth's orbital motion around the Sun.
- Tinh sai thường niên được phát hiện bởi James Bradley vào năm 1725. (Annual aberration was discovered by James Bradley in 1725.)
"tinh sai hàng ngày" (diurnal aberration): The much smaller component of aberration caused by Earth's rotation on its axis.
- Tinh sai hàng ngày có giá trị rất nhỏ so với tinh sai thường niên. (Diurnal aberration has a much smaller value than annual aberration.)
Sai số (n): Error, inaccuracy. This is a more general term for error in measurement or calculation, not specific to astronomy.
- Phép đo có sai số chấp nhận được. (The measurement has an acceptable error.)
Quang sai (n): Optical aberration (in lenses/mirrors). This refers to imperfections in image formation by optical systems, a different concept from astronomical aberration.
- Ống kính chất lượng cao có thể giảm thiểu quang sai. (High-quality lenses can minimize optical aberration.)
- Aberration (in astronomy): The apparent displacement of a celestial body.
- Apparent displacement: A descriptive synonym for the observed effect.
Chuyển động riêng (Proper motion): The actual motion of a star across the sky relative to the Solar System, which is distinct from and must be separated from aberration.
- Tinh sai và chuyển động riêng là hai hiệu ứng cần phân biệt. (Aberration and proper motion are two effects that must be distinguished.)
Thị sai (Parallax): The apparent shift in an object's position when viewed from two different lines of sight. This is another key astrometric effect, different from aberration.
- Thị sai được dùng để đo khoảng cách đến các ngôi sao gần. (Parallax is used to measure distances to nearby stars.)